Lemon Verbena Care Guide: From Planting to Perfect Harvest

by Peter Sikora May 22, 2025

We are specialists in growing herbs, and Lemon verbena stands as one of our most treasured aromatic plants. This magnificent herb first arrived in European gardens during the 18th century when Spanish explorers brought it from South America, prized for its intensely citrusy perfume.

Lemon verbena grows impressively tall, reaching up to 6 feet when mature, making it a striking addition to any herb collection. We particularly value this woody shrub for its exceptionally high essential oil concentration, perfect for culinary creations, and its impressive nutritional profile containing vitamins A, B, and C.

This versatile plant thrives beautifully in both garden beds and containers, adapting well to various growing conditions throughout the UK. We find it particularly wonderful for:

Attracting vital pollinators like butterflies and bees
Brewing deliciously soothing herbal teas
Adding bright citrus notes to cooking
Creating fragrant potpourris and sachets

We take immense pride in growing Lemon verbena and are passionate about helping you achieve perfect results. This guide shares everything you need to know about planting, caring for, and harvesting this exceptional herb, ensuring you'll enjoy its wonderful fragrance and flavour throughout the seasons.

Finding the Perfect Growing Spot for Lemon Verbena

"Lemon verbena is a sun lover. If you want it to be really happy, make sure it receives at least six hours of sun per day, though eight or more is better.

We've found that selecting the right location for your lemon verbena is essential for success. This aromatic herb is less forgiving than many others in our collection, with specific requirements that directly influence its growth, fragrance development, and overall vitality.

Sunlight Requirements

Lemon verbena loves sunshine! For those intensely fragrant leaves to develop properly, your plant needs 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. We recommend choosing a south-facing position in your garden for optimal light exposure across the UK.

In particularly hot areas, a bit of afternoon shade protects your plants from scorching. For our customers in northern regions, we suggest placing your lemon verbena near a white wall or fence to create helpful reflected light. Always avoid frost pockets and heavily shaded spots - insufficient light leads to lanky, sprawling growth and less aromatic foliage

Don't forget to provide shelter from strong winds, especially as your plant matures and grows taller. Without protection, those slender stems can easily sustain damage in gusty conditions.

Soil Preparation

The foundation of healthy Lemon verbena starts with proper soil. Our experience shows these plants perform best in well-draining soil with a ph between 6.0 and 7.0. We recommend a growing medium that offers:

Rich organic matter for essential nutrition
Loose, friable texture for healthy root growth
Excellent drainage to prevent waterlogging

We cannot emphasise enough the importance of drainage - Lemon verbena quickly declines if its roots remain constantly wet. For heavy or clay soils, we improve drainage by mixing in organic matter and coarse materials like horticultural sand, grit or perlite.

If your garden soil tends toward dampness, raised beds offer an excellent alternative to ground planting. The ideal soil moisture should feel like a wrung-out sponge - pleasantly moist but never soggy.

Containers vs Garden Beds

We find the container growing particularly advantageous for lemon verbena in the UK climate. Pots allow you to move plants to sheltered spots during cold spells and give you greater control over soil conditions.

For successful container cultivation, select a pot at least 12 inches in diameter, though we typically recommend 20cm. Ensure your container has multiple drainage holes and offers approximately double the size of the plant's root ball. We always use a premium peat-free potting mix rather than garden soil to guarantee proper drainage and nutrient availability.

Ground planting works beautifully in warmer UK regions with well-draining soil. Maintain roughly 40cm spacing between plants and add a layer of organic mulch to regulate soil temperature and preserve moisture.
Whichever growing method you choose, we've seen that providing the right foundation of sunlight, soil, and drainage from the beginning rewards our customers with healthy, fragrant lemon verbena plants that thrive season after season.

Verbena: Lemon (Aloysia triphylla) 12cm - Culinary Herb Co.

Planting and Propagating

Establishing new lemon verbena plants requires proper timing and technique. We've found that getting these fundamentals right ensures your aromatic herb thrives beautifully from the start.

When and How to Plant Young Plants

Spring is ideal for introducing lemon verbena to your garden. We recommend planting young plants after the last frost has passed - typically from mid-May onwards in most UK regions - when temperatures remain consistently warm. This timing gives plants the maximum growing season to establish themselves.

When positioning your plants, maintain 40cm spacing between them for proper air circulation. For container growing:

Select a pot at least 12 inches (20cm) in diameter
Add a drainage layer of sand or gravel at the bottom to prevent waterlogging
Fill with nutrient-rich, well-draining, peat free potting compost
Water thoroughly after planting
Position in your selected sunny spot

Lemon verbena absolutely detests waterlogged roots, so proper drainage is essential. We recommend feeding every few weeks with a balanced liquid fertiliser during the growing season to support healthy development.

Growing from Cuttings

We've found propagation through cuttings offers the most reliable method for creating new plants. You have two excellent options: softwood cuttings in late spring or semi-ripe cuttings in late summer/early autumn.

For successful propagation:

Select healthy, non-flowering stems around 10cm long
Cut just below a leaf node with clean scissors
Remove lower leaves, leaving only 2-3 pairs at the top
Place cuttings immediately in water or a plastic bag to prevent wilting
Insert into pots filled with well-draining compost mixed with extra grit
Position cuttings around the edge of the pot for best results
Cover with a clear plastic bag secured with an elastic band
Place in a warm location (18-24°C) but not in direct sunlight
Check soil moisture regularly and never let it dry out
Roots should develop within 3-4 weeks

We recommend growing rooted cuttings in pots for the first year, especially in the UK climate, allowing plants to mature in a frost-free environment.

Why Seeds Are Not Recommended

Despite the appeal of starting from scratch, we've discovered lemon verbena seeds present significant challenges. The flowers rarely produce viable seeds in the UK climate, and even when seeds do form, germination rates remain extremely low, often around a 5% success rate.

We've had excellent results with root cuttings in a jar of water until a good root structure develops, then transferring to soil. This method provides visual confirmation of successful root development before planting.

Caring for Your Established Lemon Verbena Plant

"All lemon verbena plants benefit from a good rejuvenation prune, cutting branches back by a third in early spring to encourage compact, bushy growth.

Once established, lemon verbena rewards proper care with abundant aromatic leaves throughout the growing season. We've found that consistent maintenance ensures healthy plants with maximum fragrance and flavour.

Watering and Feeding Guidance

Lemon verbena needs consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. We recommend checking the soil regularly and watering when the top 2 inches start to dry. During active growth, twice-weekly watering typically works well, but always let soil conditions guide you. As winter approaches, reduce watering significantly to prevent root rot, particularly for container plants.

Unlike many herbs, lemon verbena is surprisingly hardy.

We apply a balanced organic fertiliser every few weeks throughout spring and summer. Take care not to over-fertilise, as this can reduce essential oil production. For potted specimens, slightly more frequent feeding is beneficial as nutrients leach away with regular watering.

Pruning for Perfect Shape

We always prune our lemon verbena plants in early spring, cutting back up to one-third of the growth before new leaves emerge. This encourages a bushier habit rather than leggy stems. Throughout the growing season, light regular pruning maintains an attractive shape while providing leaves for culinary use. Always use clean, sharp tools when pruning to prevent disease transmission.

Winter Protection Tips

Lemon verbena is hardy to about -8°C, making winter protection essential in most UK gardens. When temperatures drop consistently to around 4°C, the plant typically drops its leaves and enters dormancy - perfectly normal behaviour. For garden specimens, we apply a thick layer of organic mulch and use frost blankets during cold spells. For container plants, bring pots to a cool, dark location between 4-13°C. Keep the plants dry through winter.

Managing Common Pests

We've found these hardy plants are occasionally visited by:

Spider mites
Whiteflies
Aphids

For organic control, we recommend:

Regular pruning to discourage infestations
Insecticidal soap for whiteflies and aphids
Applying nematodes during the growing season
Neem oil for most persistent pests
A strong water spray to physically remove insects

We find that maintaining proper watering, feeding and air circulation remains your best defence against these unwelcome visitors. Healthy plants typically resist pests more effectively than stressed specimens.

Harvesting and Using Lemon Verbena Leaves

Harvesting lemon verbena is one of the most rewarding aspects of growing this aromatic herb. We take immense pride in harvesting our lemon verbena at just the right moment to capture its intense citrus fragrance and flavour.

When to Harvest for Best Results

We recommend waiting until your lemon verbena plants reach at least 25cm in height before the first harvest. The lemony flavour is most intense when the flowers just begin to open. For optimal essential oil concentration, harvest mid-afternoon.

When harvesting:

Use clean, sharp secateurs to make precise cuts
Trim stems to just above a leaf node
Remove approximately one-quarter of the growth during each harvest
For larger harvests, trim the entire plant by one-quarter to one-half

We find that regular harvesting actually benefits the plant, encouraging bushy growth and preventing the leggy appearance that can develop. This creates a wonderful cycle where both the gardener and the plant benefit from regular cutting.

Drying Your Lemon Verbena Leaves

Lemon verbena is exceptional among herbs for retaining its aroma and flavour when dried. We offer several methods for drying your harvest:

Bundle stems together and hang upside down in a warm, dark place
Spread leaves on drying racks in a single layer
Use a dehydrator set to a low temperature (35-40°C)
Microwave between paper towels on a low heat setting for 1.5-3 minutes until brittle

The leaves must be completely dry before storing to prevent mould. Once dried, store in airtight glass containers away from direct light to preserve the essential oils.

Delicious Ways to Use Lemon Verbena

Lemon verbena tea stands as perhaps our favourite use for this versatile herb. For a perfect cup, steep a handful of fresh leaves (or a tablespoon of dried) in freshly boiled water for 5-10 minutes.

We also love creating:

Lemon verbena syrup for drizzling over desserts
Infused sugar for baking
Herbal vinegars for salad dressings
Ice creams and sorbets with subtle citrus notes
Potpourris and sachets for linen cupboards

The bright, clean flavour of lemon verbena pairs wonderfully with berries, peaches and other summer fruits. Try adding chopped leaves to fruit salads or infusing cream for a delightful twist on traditional puddings. Add chopped leaves to the drizzle of your lemon drizzle cake.

We're passionate about finding new ways to enjoy this exceptional herb and bringing its wonderful citrus scent into both the kitchen and home.

Why We Love Growing Lemon Verbena

We find that caring for lemon verbena rewards our efforts abundantly with its intense citrus fragrance and countless uses throughout the growing season. This aromatic herb thrives wonderfully when given proper sunlight, well-draining soil, and attentive seasonal care. Though it may seem demanding at first, established plants develop remarkable resilience, especially when maintained with regular pruning and proper feeding.

Winter protection is essential for this Mediterranean native. Container growing offers the most flexibility, allowing you to move plants to sheltered locations during harsh weather. We've observed that harvesting techniques significantly impact both plant health and flavour quality – afternoon harvests consistently yield the most aromatic leaves for teas, culinary uses, and aromatic preparations.

Lemon verbena demonstrates extraordinary versatility beyond the kitchen. We particularly value how the plant's blooms attract butterflies and bees, enhancing garden biodiversity, while its dried leaves maintain their potent fragrance for months. Regular harvesting improves plant vigour rather than depleting it, creating a wonderful relationship between gardener and plant.

Your lemon verbena will flourish with consistent care and attention to its specific needs. The distinctive lemony scent wafting through your garden makes every effort worthwhile, whether you brew refreshing teas, craft aromatic seasonings, or simply enjoy its fragrant presence among your herbs.

To see our full range of lemon verbena and other herb plants, please visit our online shop or meet us at one of the RHS shows where we regularly exhibit throughout the season.

Frequently Asked Questions about Lemon Verbena

When is the best time to harvest lemon verbena?

Harvest lemon verbena leaves throughout the growing season, ideally in the afternoon when essential oils are most concentrated. For the best flavour, pick leaves just as flowers begin to open. You can safely remove up to one-quarter of the stems during each harvest.

How do I propagate lemon verbena?

The most reliable method is to take softwood cuttings in late spring or semi-ripe cuttings in late summer/early autumn. Select healthy, non-flowering stems around 10cm long, remove lower leaves, and plant in well-draining compost mixed with extra grit. Roots should develop within 3-4 weeks.

What are the key care requirements for lemon verbena?

Lemon verbena needs full sun (6-8 hours daily), well-draining soil, and consistent moisture without waterlogging. Feed every few weeks with a balanced organic fertiliser during the growing season. Prune regularly to maintain shape and encourage bushy growth. Protect from frost in winter, especially in colder UK regions. Keep container plants dry throughout the winter months.

How should I prune my lemon verbena plant?

Prune lemon verbena in early spring, cutting back up to one-third of the plant to encourage bushier growth. Throughout the growing season, continue light pruning to maintain shape and harvest leaves. Always use clean, sharp tools to prevent disease transmission.

What are some common uses for lemon verbena leaves?

Lemon verbena leaves are versatile in both culinary and household applications. They make an excellent aromatic tea, either fresh or dried. You can also use the leaves to create flavoured syrups for drinks and desserts, infuse sugar for baking, or add them to fruit compotes for a citrusy twist.

Does lemon verbena produce white flowers?

Yes, lemon verbena produces delicate white flowers - sometimes with a faint lilac tinge - during the summer months. While the plant is primarily grown for its intensely fragrant leaves, these small white blooms add subtle beauty to herb gardens and attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.

What does lemon verbena smell like?

Lemon verbena is celebrated for its beautiful lemon scent, which is both fresh and uplifting. The fragrance is sharper and more intense than that of lemon balm or lemongrass, with a clean citrus aroma that evokes freshly zested lemons. Simply brushing past the leaves releases the unmistakable scent of lemon verbena into the air.

How can I use lemon verbena extract?

Lemon verbena extract, made by steeping the leaves in alcohol or oil, captures the herb’s intense flavour for culinary and cosmetic uses. We love adding a few drops to baked goods, salad dressings, or sorbets for a bright citrus note. It also works beautifully in homemade skincare, lending its fresh lemon verbena scent to lotions, creams, and soaps.

Is lemon verbena a good addition to a herb garden?

Absolutely! Lemon verbena makes a stunning and useful addition to any herb garden. Its tall, elegant form adds vertical interest, while its aromatic leaves provide both fragrance and culinary value. We find it pairs beautifully alongside other Mediterranean herbs, and its white flowers help attract beneficial insects to your garden.

How can I maximise the intense flavour of lemon verbena in cooking?

For the most intense flavour, we recommend harvesting lemon verbena leaves in the afternoon, when essential oils are at their peak. Use the fresh leaves finely chopped in recipes like fruit salads, marinades, or herbal syrups. Alternatively, steep the leaves in hot liquid to extract their bright, citrusy flavour into teas, custards, or infusions.